|
''Saint Longinus'' is a sculpture by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini. Completed in 1638, the marble sculpture sits in the north-eastern niche in the crossing of St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City.〔Rudolf Wittkower, ''Bernini, the Sculptor of the Roman Baroque'', 1997 (4th ed.), p.250-1〕 it is over four metres high. An early spectator of the statue, the English diarist John Evelyn, called it a work of "Colossean magnitude". ==Commissioning and Preparatory Studies== In the 1620s, St Longinus was one of four statues commissioned for the niches under the crossing of St Peter's, along with statues of St Andrew, St Helen and St Veronica, all of whom have relics associated with them in the basilica. Small models were created by various artists, including one of St Andrew by Bernini. After various discussions with the committee selecting the works, Bernini was then appointed to create St Longinus.〔Bernini : sculpting in clay / ed. by C.D. Dickerson, Anthony Sigel, and Ian Wardropper. With contributions by Andrea Bacchi .... - New Haven, Conn. () : Yale University Press (), 2012. - XVI, 416 S, p.123-9〕 It is likely that the early ''bozzetto'' - (a rough model made in terracotta), held in the Fogg Art Museum, and dated to around 1631 was done by Bernini as he continued to work through various concepts for the final statue.〔〔Harvard Art Museums's website, http://www.harvardartmuseums.org/collection/detail.dot?objectid=1937.51&fulltext=bernini&pc=1&page=1, retrieved 17 November 2011.〕 However, the design used in Harvard bozzetto was not the one used in the final statue; changes to the Baldacchino - the immense four pillared arch built in the centre of the crossing - influenced the Longinus design. "Instead of a figure of the Risen Christ," CD Dickerson writes, the Baldacchino was now to carry a simple globe and cross. Therefore, as Bernini grasped, it no longer made sense for the Longinus to be looking up at the Baldacchino in a worshipful pose."〔 A later terracotta sketch, held in the Museo di Roma, and rescued during excavation in the 1980s, is closer to the final design. Interesting, the Museo di Roma model has been cut up into various pieces; the places of the cuts (along the right arm, drapery and torso) are the same as the divisions in the marble block on the final sculpture. This indicates that Bernini used the model to calculate how the various blocks of marble could be brought to together to form a physically robust and seemingly complete whole.〔 Bernini and his assistants are likely to have produced many more different preparatory designs. The German artist Joachim von Sandrart counted 22 small models for St Longinus when he visited Bernini's studio in 1635.〔 Additionally, there are further set of eight drawings in the Düsseldorf Museum Kunstpalast.〔New Drawings by Bernini for "St. Longinus" and Other Contemporary Works, Ann Sutherland Harris, Master Drawings, Vol. 6, No. 4 (Winter, 1968), pp. 383-391+432-447, http://www.jstor.org/stable/1552914〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Saint Longinus (Bernini)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|